Why is controllable variance termed 'controllable'?

• A. Refers to activities usually under management control.
• B. Relates to actual sales volume.
• C. Is a fixed overhead variance.
• D. Depends on production scheduling.

Answer: (A)

Controllable variance is named for the part of variance that management can actually influence through its decisions and actions within the period. It reflects differences caused by factors managers can control—like purchasing prices, how efficiently materials are used, and labor performance—so they can take corrective steps and be held accountable for those results. Variances driven by factors outside management’s control, such as market conditions or supplier events beyond their influence, aren’t considered controllable.

That’s why describing controllable variance in terms of activities usually under management control best fits. The other options don’t capture this idea: actual sales volume is an outcome, not about what managers can influence; a fixed overhead variance is just a specific type of variance; production scheduling is a tool that can affect results but doesn’t define what makes a variance controllable.